Sonata in G major for Violin & Piano Op. 78

Brahms Sonata in G major for Violin and Piano Op 78

We know today that Johannes Brahms wrote at least three sonatas for violin and piano before he composed his Sonata in G major Op.78. However these earlier works did not survive the test of the composer's critical scrutiny and have not come down to us.

Op.78 developed alongside the Violin Concerto Op.77 in the summers of 1878 and 1879. Clara Schumann was delighted by Brahms' citations from his own Regenlied and Nachklang (Op.59, nos. 3 and 4). Brahms conceived these figurations in melody and accompaniment to evoke raindrops. Although the work was first received by Brahms' contemporaries with mixed enthusiasm, it quickly found its place in the standard violin repertoire.

An important part of this edition is the extensive preface. Firstly it informs about the works' origins, its compositional process, pre-publication performances, its publication history as well as early reception. Truly remarkable is the unique Performance Practice Commentary. Here the editors take the premise that already a few decades after Brahms' death a widening gulf developed between the composer's expectations and the performance practices of the early 20th century. In a very concrete and practical way, the editors summarize some of the key issues in understanding Brahms' notation with regard to rhythm and timing, dynamics and accentuation, dots and strokes, slurring and non legato, piano pedalling and overholding, piano arpeggiation and dislocation, string instrument fingering, string instrument harmonics and vibrato. In this way, the edition offers an exciting and often surprising insight in Romantic musical interpretation.

The New Urtext Editions

Bärenreiter's pioneering new scholarly-critical editions of Brahms' works for one instrument and piano are edited by a team of musicologists who are also performers. They offer today's musicians not just a reliable musical text based on all known sources, but also a comprehensive approach to the works, which aims to place them in their historical context and to elucidate the complex of meanings that the composer wished his notation to convey to performers.

In addition to the musical text, these editions offer an informative introduction laying out the genesis, publication history, and reception of the works. At the same time there is a complete list of the sources, an explanation of the editorial procedures and a Critical Commentary. Each volume also contains a detailed discussion of specific performance practice issues raised by individual works.

An integral part of Bärenreiter's Brahms publication complex is a text booklet which approaches general performance practice issues of the 19th century with regard to e.g. tempo, rubato, rhythmic flexibility and articulation. Furthermore, musicians will find valuable information concerning vibrato, portamento and bowing. Last but not least, characteristics of Brahms' own piano playing as well as that of his circle and contemporaries are discussed.

The violin sonata editions come not only with an Urtext part freed from all editorial emendations, but also with an additional part including fingering and bowing based on the practices of Joseph Joachim and his colleagues. These markings especially draw on the publications of the sonatas edited by Joachim's pupils Leopold Auer and Ossip Schnirlin as well as those by Brahms' associate Franz Kneisel.

Preface

Performance Practice Commentary

Vorwort

Hinweise zur Aufführungspraxis

Brahms, Johannes - Sonata for Violin and Piano G major op. 78

Critical Report